Country Report on China Essay

In the whole Asia, China is conceived as one of the largest countries. In the world, it is the fourth most prominent country after Russia, Canada and USA. China is surrounded by the following neighboring countries i. e. Russia, India, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Myanmar, Kazakhstan, North Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Nepal, Pakistan, and so on. It mainly covers up the areas around 9,596,960 square kilometers. In the whole world, China has the greatest population in comparison to the other neighboring countries. As per the recorded data in 2007, its total population is approx 1,321,851,000. China is basically separated into States (23), Sovereign Regions (5), and Administrative Districts (4). The statistical distribution of the China’s population takes place in such a way: ? Approx 10% or 115 million people of the total population reside in an area of only 47,000 square kilometers. The area of 47,000 Square Kilometers is only 0. 5% of China’s total land mass. In the most obtusely inhabited countries and cities, the mean population density is 2,428 individuals per square kilometer. ? Less than or up to 50%, population of the China lives in an area of about 778,000 square kilometers. It presents merely 8. 2% of the total land. The average population density of this area is about 740 people per square kilometer. ? More than 90% of the Chinese population or approximately 1 billion Chinese people reside in a smaller, more than 30% territory of the country. About 345 individuals per square kilometer is the population density of this area The distribution data given above reflects that almost the total population of China is focused in less than one-third of the country. While, in comparison to the Belgium, the average population density is greater (Population Growth, 1999). In the world, China is viewed as the one of the four Oldest Cultures. It has a published history of 4,000 years or more and also has the great features like ‘Rich Ethnical Relics’ and ‘Historic Sites’. The paper-making, compass, gunpowder, and publishing, are the following invention of Chinese individuals. China is an ancient culture or cultural region that mainly depends on a range of views. In the East Asia, it is national or multinational entity, which is covering more than a large area of the country. In the period of past few years, it’s ethnical or civilization area has covered throughout East Asia as a whole, with Chinese traditions, religious belief and orthographies being adjusted to changing levels by neighboring courtiers i. e. Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. China has endured the various economic problems over the period of time that not only influences its economic growth, but also is a great hindrance in the way of country’s growth. The following are the various critical problems, which were faced by China; volatile or rapid population growth, economic stagnation; and penetration & influence. The main economic pertains of the Chinese population, which directly or indirectly affect the economic growth or country’s development i. e. fiscal shortfall, elusive obligations, migrant population rate, arising population rate, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate, and problem of unemployment (China’s political and economic concerns, 2009). Besides the above economic concerns, the various other issues that confronted engrave troubles and heavy cost on China’s resource environment are high expelling and low efficiency, broad mode of economic growth, boasting high input, high economic consumption, etc. Hence, it is concluded that all the above issues affect the economic process sustainability. The problem of arising population and development is closely related with each other. Thus, it must be conceived in close relation to country’s development. Today, in the area of population and development, China is greatly confronted with grave challenges. Each year, the recorded growth in population is about †¦. , that ultimately gives rise to the other problems i. e. rise in number of the poor people, increasing environmental pollution, natural resources depletion, etc. In order to defeat these challenges, Government of the China must take some initiatives, in order to control the growing population rate, obviate poverty level and defend surroundings to sustained economic growth. Over the previous few years, the economic condition of the China is quite good and has demonstrated noteworthy economic growth. Noteworthy economic growth indicates that in the future, Chinese will enjoy an attractive augmentation in its economy, but this is possible only when, China proceeds crucial rectifies to its economy. Hence, to constitute a strong economy, China has to implement the Economic Expert’s safety measures effectively, or otherwise, it could endanger succeeding growth of the economy. The reforms include: set up state owned enterprises, effective banking system, changes in ineffective Legal laws or Government rule, control or eliminate the public agitation over pollution; corruption and income inequality also set menaces to economic or social stableness. Focus on Population Growth The issue of growing population is the foremost crucial point regarding the economic concern of the country. For the Government of China or its individuals, the increase in the population growth rate is the enormous consequence or substantial challenge. This continuous growth in population affects the whole world; thus, it is conceived as a generous issue. The 20% of the total world’s population can be considered as the People’s Republic of China (Rosenberg, 2009). This shows that out of five people, one belongs to or lives in China. In the year 2008, Population about 1. 3million or 1,330,044,605 was recorded as the projected population and an approximated growth rate was around 0. 6%. In China, the anticipated population growth is about 10 million, per year. It is expected that population rate of the China will reach at the top i. e. about 1. 6 billion by the year 2005 (China, 2009). By the late of the year 2010, population in China is anticipated to arrive at 1. 4 billion. Roughly 2030, China’s population will expect at the extreme level and then slowly commence falling down (Rosenberg, 2009).

Lord of the Flies : Relationship Between Two Main Protagonists Essay

American president Franklin D. Roosevelt once said that â€Å"If civilization is to survive, we must cultivate the science of human relationships – the ability of all peoples, of all kinds, to live together, in the same world at peace. â€Å" This quotation fits very well in the novel Lord of the Flies written by William Golding in 1954. This story is about a group of young boys from British school, who found themselves on a tropical island after an airplane crash. This story shows how people can easily change when there are no laws or restrictions to prevent them from becoming wild and out of control and that the pure person’s character will come up in situation similar to this one. We can find many different characters amongst all the boys, but I will try to focus on characteristics of two main protagonists and analyze the relationship between them and also their attitude to other boys. I would like to bring you a brief summary of Lord of the Flies so my description of each protagonist is more understandable. In the middle of ragging war, a plane evacuating a group of schoolboys from Britain is shot down over a deserted tropical island. There is no one but young boys on the island, no adults, no authority and all of a sudden everything is upon them. There are older boys but majority of little ones or â€Å"littluns† as they start to call them. Boys will realize that they need some supervision, someone who will be in charge of them and who will be giving orders so they do not become savages. They agree to make elections and boy named Ralph is elected as a chief. He chooses another older boy named Jack to be his assistant because he is already leading his choir. Now it is obvious that there are two most important characters in the story – Ralph and Jack. We also get to meet one of older boys called Piggy, who has immediately became a target of ridicule because of his appearance. Piggy is fat and wears glasses, which makes him not acceptable for kids ´ games. However Ralph is always his friend and he protects him from those who laugh at him. Ralph’s main idea is to set a fire so they can be rescued and to build shelters. Group is agreed to maintain the fire all day long and every time there is guard duty consisted of two boys looking after the fire. As the story goes on boys become tired of their duties and they start looking for something that brings them more entertainment. Into this comes Jack who wants them to be hunters and hunt pigs that are on the Island. Most of the boys find this to be fun so they stop listening to orders and rather go with Jack to hunt. This is the moment where boys are separated into two groups according to their character. The incompatibilities of their temperament are growing much more from now on. Groups are being separated and Jack’s group grows in savagery. This finally culminates to full loss of control and these boys do what they want till the time they are rescued. As we can assume from previous paragraph Ralph is a boy with good character and he was always the one trying to prevent boys from becoming wild and from breaking the rules. He is also the most important protagonist in the story. He was chosen to be chief because of his natural talent of leadership, even though he sometimes also acts like a kid. As well as other boys he laughs at some boys. He even does pick on Piggy from time to time. Ralph realizes the importance of being rescued therefore most of his orders are similar to what and adult would decide to do. This is the reason why most of the boys rather join Jack, because soon after plane crash they found out that this is a great opportunity to have lots of fun when there is no â€Å"real† supervision of any adult person. Jack on the other hand is the one who offers them pure child ´s life full of games and adventure. He is also a natural leader and the fact that in the end of the story he makes everyone but Piggy and Ralph convert to his group is an ample proof of it. Unlike Ralph he is the leader of anarchy on the island. Even though he does not like to follow rules of any kind he does in the beginning. Jack simply wants to hunt and have a good time, not seeming to care about being rescued; he and his tribe are perfect examples of savagery. The relationship ship between Ralph and Jack is essential to what happens in Lord of the flies. Both movies that were made based on this novel describe this relationship in different way. The later movie especially makes it much tenser that how it actually is in the book and since I saw the movies first I was very surprised how nice these boys to each other are in the book. Things start off well at the first meeting. The group of boys vote for a chief who as I have already mentioned turns out to be Ralph and everyone breaks into applause. This of course makes Jack feel embarrassed that he has not been chosen to be chief and that his choir didn ´t support him. However Ralph at this moment says that his choir belongs to him of course. This is im plying that Ralph wants to make Jack be important. Jack does appreciate this because due to this act he does not have to feel ashamed anymore. This is where their friendship begins though it does not take too long to break down. Ralph and Jack go together on first exploration and they experience a lot of fun while walking up to the highest point to find out whether they are on the island or not. Their friendship is growing in strength. At this point they listen to each others’ ideas and suggestions and we can see mutual respect. When they find out that they really are on the island they go back to the rest of the group and Ralph tell them that they might be here for a long time before someone will come to rescue them. Here is Jack saying very important thing: â€Å"We’ve got to have rules and obey them. After all, we’re not savages. We’re English, and the English are best at everything. â€Å" This sentence proves that even Jack had rational thinking in the beginning and that he agrees with Ralph. Soon after Jack does first step that will lead to future disagreement followed by separation of groups. He persuades two boys who are on fire guard duty to come with him for hunting because he needs them. They go with him and the fire dies. Unfortunately at that moment ship goes by the island but there is no fire to attract its attention. Ralph rushes to the place of fire and finds out that boys are gone. When Jack with his hunters and dead pig comes back Ralph starts yelling at him and Jack is embarrassed again. Although he sees the mistake he has done and he publicly apologizes to him. Jack did not like the fact that Ralph was right and he starts to put together a bigger group of hunters where he is in the charge. The break down moment comes when Ralph calls together an assembly. He wants to discuss things that boys do wrong and give new rules. There has also appeared another problem – boys are afraid of a beast that they made up in their minds. They are afraid that this beast will hunt them down and kill them. Ralph claims that there is no such thing and everyone should get back to work and not only play games all the time. After this Jack stands up and shouts: â€Å"You are just giving orders that don’t make any sense! â€Å"(Golding, p. 93) Ralph is surprised by him and he tries to explain the importance of rules for being rescued. However Jack says: â€Å"Bollocks to the rules! We’re strong–we hunt! If there’s a beast, we’ll hunt it down! We’ll close in and beat and beat and beat–!† (Golding, p. 93) We can see sudden change in their relationship that was started by Jack. After a while there is another assembly, where Jack finally says: â€Å"I’m going off by myself. Ralph can catch his own pigs. Anyone who wants to hunt when I do can come too.† (Golding, p. 140) After this, boys start to split off. There is also nobody to keep the signal fire burn and the chance of rescue is therefore very low. Unfortunately for Ralph most of them are younger and do not feel any responsibility and their desire after adventure and killing beast leads them to Jack ´s side. In the end there is no one but Ralph and Piggy in Ralph ´s group. Now there is almost no relationship between two main protagonists. Ralph still wants to explain the need of being together and help each other but Jack hates him and his group often attacks the place where these two boys stay. Ralph and Piggy for the last time decide to go into their territory to explain that they have to act like grown-ups. Nobody wants to listen to them and they even throw down a piece of rock, which instantly kills Piggy. Ralph escapes and hides. He is being followed. Whole group was told by Jack that they have to kill him. Boys set grass and trees on fire to smoke him out and so Ralph runs all the way to the beach where he runs into naval officer, who is there to save them. The end of the story only shows that Ralph ´s orders had sense because it was the fire that attracted navy ´s attention. Jack was only jealous and he wanted to have his own group of people. For this reason he decided to offer them something that Ralph could not because he had the responsibility of an adult. Jack turned into savage while Ralph kept his rational thinking. Their relationship has completely turned from the start till the end and we had plenty of time to realize who the good one is and who the bad one is. ——————————————– [ 2 ]. GOLDING, William. Lord of the Flies. 1st edition. London : Faber and Faber, 1954. Fire on Mountain, p. 40.

Step Out on Nothing

Josiah McCutcheon Term Paper 11/8/12 Step Out on Nothing After reading Byron Pitts Step Out on Nothing, I felt incredibly inspired by his will to overcome the challenges he faced throughout his life. I felt the book was more personal to me because I could relate to many of the stories and challenges described in the book. This book has changed a lot of my views and caused me to be more appreciative of the people in my life who have helped me overcome my own personal obstacles. Growing up Byron dealt with many difficulties that molded his character and helped him become a stronger person.His parents constantly fought but his mother always reassured him that everything would be all right and within God’s hands. He didn’t get much attention from his parents because they were always busy trying to support the family. His mother always expected him to do the best that he could and more and it’s the love he had for his mother that gave him the courage to do his best an d maintain his mother’s expectations. I can relate to this because I grew up with my mother and father always fighting but I knew they loved each other regardless of their arguments.My parents having five children didn’t help the situation because they were obligated to support the family by working all the time while simultaneously doing their best to be good role models. This is a lot of stress and responsibility for anyone and the stress caused by these burdens created more arguments that seemed to surface quite frequently. Much like Bryon’s mother Clarice, my parents expected us to be very respectful towards others and do the best that we could. My father, a man that reminds me of Clarice would always tell us everyday before school to be respectful and learn something.I don’t remember one day were my father didn’t remind us. Much like his family, we were a very religious family that had much faith in God. Growing up in a home where I was encour aged to learn and be respectful of others built character and helped shape me into the person I am today. Byron’s parents divorced forcing his mother to be the main supporter in his life because his father was absent through most of his life. I feel that this made him a stronger person because he didn’t have the father figure around to help support the family and this reinforced the need for education in Byron’s mind.His father’s absence and his mothers struggle to support the family independently made it clear that he needed to obtain a good education so he wasn’t put in similar circumstances as an adult. I can relate to this because I had my father growing up until I was sixteen until he passed from a heart attack. Of course, I had my father growing up giving me much advice on how to be a better man, but then losing him with my mom trying to support five kids was hard for her. I truly think that God has a plan for everyone and that everything hap pens for a reason.After that happened it made me a much stronger person and helped me deal with many things that many people couldn’t. Watching my mom struggling made me realize how much more my education meant and the need for an education to live a more comfortable life. It also showed me how important family is to have in your life. My family will always be there just like Bryon always had his family to turn to. Growing up Byron never learned how to read, because he was always trying to hide it from others. His mother never noticed it either because she was always so busy trying to support the family.Byron dealt with not only racism, but also people making fun of him because he couldn’t read. I honestly think that growing up with this issue positively contributed to the person he became. I can relate to this because my parents were always so busy with work and then when they got home it was time for them to relax. I also think they relied on the school a little bit too much to expect them to teach me how to read. Living in a rural area Roane County, West Virginia, education wasn’t the best.My father realized that we could receive a better education in a county that had more resources to provide children with a better education. Consequently, he moved us when I was ten years old to Morgantown, West Virginia. Once again reminds me of when Byron’s mother had him go to Curley for a better education. Morgantown was a much more populated school and I was made fun of causing me to hate school even more until a teacher much like Ms. Ulle, helped me with my reading and writing as much as she could. Her named was Ms.Bell and I remember the time she realized that I couldn’t read very well when a kid in her class made fun of me to the point where I was very upset. She asked me to stay after class and told me that she saw much greatness in me and wanted to help. It reminded me of when Dr. Paul Lucus told him,† Mr. Pitts, you†™re wasting my time and the government’s money. You are not Ohio, Wesleyan University material. I think you should leave. † Later on Ms. Ulle see’s Byron crying and says, †Young man are you ok? Yes ma’am, I’m fi†¦fi†¦fi†¦fine. You don’t look fine, please tell me what’s wrong she insisted. Byron proceeds to tell the story of Dr. Lucas and Ms. Ulle and encourages Byron to stay in school and offers to help him succeed. After reading what Byron went through I felt reassured that I could also some day achieve great things like Byron. It also gave me a deeper appreciation for the people that saw the potential in each of us. One of my favorite parts about this book was when Bryon talks about his experience in Afghanistan. His experience in Afghanistan was definitely life changing for him to see and go through many different obstacles.I feel that him seeing and going through various life-threatening situations made him a ppreciate everything in his life much more. I’ve always thought about going into the army to get the experience and also think it would be interesting to see different parts of the world and being able to learn about new cultures first hand. I feel an experience such as military service would expand my appreciation for life and give me valuable experience that would positively influence my character much like Byron’s experience as a journalist overseas.In this book it shows how much Byron Pitts wouldn’t give up on what he love to do and that was being a journalist. â€Å"Step out on nothing†, he had a long journey going through many different obstacles along the way. I feel that Byron wouldn’t have been able to do any of this without the support and love from his much appreciated love ones. The book has inspired me to not only to be the best that I can be but also, to never give up on trying at the things you want in life even if it means getting t urned down numerous of times.

Singapore Exchange and the Australian Securities Exchange Assignment

Singapore Exchange and the Australian Securities Exchange - Assignment Example The above proposal of SGX– based on an offer of $8.2 billion – has been considered as an important initiative for strengthening the financial performance of both markets involved (Jakarta Globe 2010); moreover, the local economies will be benefited – both in the short and the long term. The key advantage of the new group – the one resulting from the merge of the above two exchange markets – will be related to the following fact: Australia has significant and adequate resources while Singapore is well known as a powerful marketplace and it is also directly linked with the Chinese market (Jakarta Globe 2010). It should be noted that the decision of leaders in Singapore’s SGX to propose a merger between their organization and the ASX has caused severe turbulence in the Asian market. The new group,  as resulted from the above merger, will be quite powerful. For Australia, the specific merger is related to a series of benefits. At a first level, the resulted group will have a capitalization of about $12.3 billion, i.e. it will be fifth in the list of the most powerful exchange groups worldwide (Jakarta Globe 2010). Of course, it would be quite important that Australia would keep its control on its market (D. Horsfield in Wen et al. 2010). It seems that such risk is not involved in the particular project; in fact, in the relevant proposal it is made clear that the two markets will remain independent – as separate legal entities – and will be regulated in accordance with the local laws (Laible 2010); in March 2011 the above proposal was changed incorporating the rule that each of the exchange markets will be equally represented in the board of the new organization (Lee 2011).  In terms of its benefits, the particular merger would lead to the establishment of ‘a single multi-asset platform lowering trading costs and increasing technical efficiencies’ (Laible 2011); the above fact would result to t he increase of the number of investors.

International Marketing Plan for Allianz Case Study

International Marketing Plan for Allianz - Case Study Example The company has acquired about 60 million customers to whom it provides property and casualty insurance services, health insurance, life insurance asset management and banking services. Allianz started to go international in the late 19th century when the company opened a branch office in London. Allianz now also has branches in Paris, Italy, Great Britain, Netherlands, Brazil, Spain, and USA. Allianz hopes to expand into Eastern Europe and establish branches either in Hungary or turkey. Since international marketing plans revolve around certain factors, the company will have to complete a thorough analysis of the countries in question, so as to determine the feasibility and viability of international services in these countries. This report will also discuss the viability of establishing branches in the Turkish or Hungarian market place. The Company is aiming to establish the organization in a global market. In order to do this an effective international marketing plan would have to be developed. The goal of this international marketing plan is the provision of specific directions for the company's marketing activities. Research will be carried out in various areas like segmentation, marketing, pricing strategy, targeting and positioning, promotional strategy, control and implementation, in order to achieve set goals. This marketing plan will also detail what the company can achieve with such an international marketing strategy and hoe this plan will help in realizing company objectives. When an organization has decided that it is beneficial to go international and start operations in another country, "it is necessary to define company policies on international marketing and the company's objectives for creating promotional campaigns that are efficient. As long as Allianz continues to offer superior services that are efficient, then the company will be better than a domestic company. As the global market continues to grow bigger and population increase continues, the company must engage in effective international marketing, in order to acquire and maintain more clients." (An in depth analysis of Insurance Industry) Interest in Hungary and Turkey Numerous variables function within an international company such as this, which deals in a global market. These variables can influence the company's strategy either directly or indirectly. Being well implanted in various parts of the world Allianz seeks to invest other markets in Europe. Marketing strategy At Allianz, the goal of business is the acquisition of clients and maintaining these clients as customers. The company's international marketing strategy should reflect this, as the company continues to build its reputation. The strategies that would be used for this international marketing will be a push/promotional strategy and pull/selling strategy. The push/promotional strategy will use the company's trade promotion activities and sales force to create consumer demand internationally. The pull/selling strategy involves expenses on promotions for consumers and advertising in order to build up consumer demand for services SWOT analysis The sections highlighted below constitute the most relevant issues for Allianz, and the success of the company. Strengths The company's strengths include: a brand new international approach, staff

Wwek3dicussions Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wwek3dicussions - Case Study Example Some benefits may be excluded by the statutes from an employee’s income such as the on- premise eating facilities. Even though fringe benefits are treated as being part of the taxable wages, there also includes individual fringe benefits that are expected. Thus, the IRS should retain these exclusions in the tax code (Lieuallen, 2011). There is also a major gain to offering the benefits is that one can still take a business deduction for his or her cost regardless of whether the employees do not have to pay taxes. The fringe benefits may include qualified employee discounts as well as adequate transportation fringe benefits among others. In addition, some of these taxable income exclusions benefit particular industries as per the exclusions benefiting industries such the insurance industry. The proceeds from a life insurance that are paid when someone dies are not taxable. Another good example is the timber industry; the incomes generated from the sale of timber are not considered as gross income, but they are treated as capital gain thus being subject to capital gains tax (Karayan, Swenson & Neff, 2010). Permanent amendments were made to the federal estate tax laws in the late 2013, whereby according to the new law individuals whose estates were taxable through at the states or federal level could have the following options put in place to reduce their tax bill (United States & Dickinson, 2013). One of the options is to spend assets; it is the easiest and quickest approach to reducing the estate value. Using of advanced estate planning techniques may also be another way of eliminating the potential estate tax (Geisler, 2013). The option of gifting through a family limited company may offer estate tax reduction as well as the protection of assets. Finally, the creation of the charitable trust, such as the charitable remainder trust, can give the clients a charitable income deduction in instances when the trust is

Queer community service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Queer community service - Essay Example Suicide can be regarded as the top reason of death for the youths amid the age of 15-24. According to a statement given by Phoenix Schneider, the program director of The Trevor Project, â€Å"Suicide, especially among high-risk populations such as LGBTQ youth, is a public health crisis. But we are headed in the right direction to prevent this epidemic from spreading by saving lives, building supportive communities and advocating for a more accepting national culture† (PR Newswire Association LLC, â€Å"The Trevor Project Honoured by the American Association of Suicidology†). Once, I came across a friend, who was associated as a volunteer of The Trevor Project. Learning about The Trevor project, I got interested to know more about the organisation and started searching about it in social media. Likewise, I came across the social networking platform of The Trevor Project named as Trevor Space which is an online based community for social networking for the LGBTQ individuals. Subsequently, it was observed that the youth of the country having suicidal tendencies create their own profile and try to connect with the people having the same problem. Moreover, it was observed that Trevor Space ensured that the information provided by them is suitable and friendly for the youth along with being completely factual. Then, I came across The Trevor Project school workshop wherein I got more interested to learn about the program of this workshop. Subsequently, I found out that the school workshop provided a program for Lifeguard Workshop which used organised and age s uitable programme to solve the problems related to identity of gender, language barrier, sexuality and what resulted in the negative thought of younger people. From the observations, I learnt that the curriculum taught the youth to determine the reason for suicidal tendency and depression along with

Yum brand expatriate management in Beijing, China Essay

Yum brand expatriate management in Beijing, China - Essay Example mpanies has indicated a significant increase among multi-national businesses ranging from manufacturing companies to food and hotel industries (rphrm.curtin.edu.au). The use of expatriates as a means of ensuring that businesses succeed in international markets has been associated with various benefits. Yum brand is an American Fast Food Company, with over 40,000 restaurants distributed in various parts of the World. Yum brand has implemented various operational strategies geared towards facilitating its success in the current highly competitive fast food industry. One of the operational strategies that has been applied by the company to facilitate its success in foreign markets i.e. China is the application of expatriates, who are sent to manage its branches in foreign markets. This discussion will focus on ways that may be used by the company to increase expatriate effectiveness i.e. how the company may select, prepare and train its employees for an expatriate assignment. Additionally, the discussion will focus on describing how the company may ensure appropriate repatriation of its employees i.e. safe return of the expatriates to the company in the United States. The discussion will also highlight and explicate characteristics of the Host Country, which is China, placing a particular emphasis on why Yum Brands sent its expatriates to the Chinese Market. The effective performance of an expatriate in any foreign country begins by the selection process. In the case of Yum Brand, the selection of a employees to undertake expatriate missions in China should be based on selection characteristics that consider; technical competencies of employees, family situation i.e. considering whether one is married or not, personality traits i.e. inter-personal skills or an employee’s interest in performing expatriate missions and environmental variables i.e. cultural dimensions of the host nation as well as the needs of a qualified expatriate (rphrm.curtin.edu.au). After

Should overseas aid be used for climate change adaptation Essay

Should overseas aid be used for climate change adaptation - Essay Example Hence successful adaptation is often executed with the help of overseas aid. This paper aims to critically analyze this subject while identifying that either overseas aid should be used for climate change adaptation of not. Description In order to study the relationship between overseas aid and climate change adaptation it is important to first analyze various factors associated with general foreign aid. The concept of overseas aid revolves around the basis principle of helping poor nations and the under developed countries. For instance, Australia is one of the major contributors of overseas aid. It mostly sends monetary help to Indonesia and some parts of South Asia and Middle East (Overseas Aid, 2013). United Kingdom is also working to increase the climate adaptability through undertaking significant measures in the developing countries (Impact of UK Overseas Aid on Environmental Protection and Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation, 2011). In addition to this one of the United States’ overseas aid programs is particularly associated with climate change adaptation. This program critically assesses the climate change taking place all over the world including the increasing risks, susceptibility and various opportunities for improvements (Agency Climate Change Adaptation Plan, 2013). Research indicates that the climate changes occur as per the regional conditions. Therefore with time the rise in sea level will impact the populated coastal areas while turning them in to uninhabitable place. Today very few people are affected by the floods, heat waves, storms, etc. but in future millions of people are expected to get influenced by these natural disasters. Moreover, the agricultural productivity will decrease while on the other hand sea food would also be destroyed due to increased acidification by 2050 (Climate Change and Development, 2012). Following figure further explains this situation: These climate changes will also influence the developed countri es including USA, Australia, etc. but the most severe impacts are expected to be seen in the developing countries. This will subsequently affect the global political, social and economic conditions. Moreover, food would not be available for poor while rich will have to avail it against huge cost (Climate Change and Development, 2012). If no action is taken to control climate change then the greenhouse gases are expected to continuously weaken the natural environment (Mendelsohn, 2000, p.583). This signifies that an extensive climate change adaptation plan is required so as to meet the future challenges. However, the adaptation plan cannot be made successful with national or even regional resources and therefore overseas aid has become a necessary element in this regard (Climate Change and Development, 2012). Overseas aid should be used for climate change adaptation due to the following reasons (Climate Change and Development, 2012): Foreign investments will reduce the negative impac ts of climate change will increasing the resources necessary for life. Countries which are still going through the process of developing transportation and energy infrastructures can actually use overseas aid to accelerate their development procedure. Speedy development will subsequently increase employment opportunities while giving way to tackle the drastic climate changes. Climate risk reduction programming could be initiated in poor countries. Significant anticipations can be made regarding draught

William Goldings Lord of the flies, and Stevensons Jekyll and Hyde Essay Example for Free

William Goldings Lord of the flies, and Stevensons Jekyll and Hyde Essay Both William Goldings Lord of the flies, and Stevensons Jekyll and Hyde focus on the duality of mans evil and the reasons for that sudden change in character. Golding is rather more interested in group evil, and the way that this develops in people, whereas Stevenson focuses on singular evil and the powers that drive a man to befriend the devil. In 1954, after being in the Second World War, Golding reflected on the evil he had seen in his fellow men, and was appalled at how cruel, animal like, and savage humans could be. He wrote this book to show the real nature of men and how taking away civilized society could change people very quickly into evil creatures, once the rules have all but gone, I learned during World War two just how brutal people can be to each other. Not Just Germans or Japanese, but everyone. I tried to point that out. Some have said that the brutality of the novel is impossible, its not, look at any newspaper, William Golding emphasizing the evil theme to his book. Being a teacher in the 1950s, he was in constant contact with younger children and was shocked at their naivety and lack of belief that evil existed in their picture perfect society. So on the island to represent evil, he created Jack Merridew. Jack is a parody of Hitler, who in the 1940s was trying to take over the world with his Nazi regime, Jack stabbed in the air with his index finger, this quote shows a certain likeness to Hitlers behavior and his very evil mind. Being brought up in Victorian England, Stevenson was living in a very class orientated society. Issues such as sex, crime, and murder were all both brushed under the carpet and forgotten about, or were never spoken of in social context. Middle class Victorian men were expected to be true gentlemen to whom sex was a very low priority. This ignoring of sex and other taboo issues led many men and women to lead double lives; in public they were very orderly and well conducted but behind closed doors or when darkness fell they would emerge and show the true nature of their wildly person. Evil was also another subject that was totally ignored, and consequently people denied its existence. So, in his book Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Robert Stevenson aimed to show that evil was alive and well in Victorian London society and that middle class peoples double personalities could be very different and often a great deal more sinister than the face that they showed in public. The amount of evil and villainous material in Victorian literature was so little, so being influenced by such novels as Mary Shelleys Frankenstein and big crimes of the day such as Jack the Ripper, he decided to write and to explore the idea of what evil in texts would be like. In Lord of the Flies evil is explored and displayed in the form of two young boys; Jack and Roger. This alone is quite unusual as young boys are not usually classed or seen as evil characters, but this book is anything but usual in every sense of the word. In this novel the main evil character, Jack has a definite need to dictate over all others around.

Javi Varas Football Analysis

Javi Varas Football Analysis Football Analysis Name of the player: Javi Varas Name of the activity: Football Position of the player: Goal Keeper Identify the essential skills/techniques needed for a participant in his position and the part of tactics: Football is one of the most famous sports all over the world. There are many positions in a football team which are: defenders, goalkeepers, midfielders and attackers. As for goalkeepers, they have to catch the ball well, dribble and pass the ball to other players. They also must jump and dive for the ball. In order to be a good goalkeeper, you must have balance, hand-eye coordination, strength and a strong mental focus. Here are the main skills of Javi Varas: Protection of the goal: Varaz is the last line of defense to prevent the other team from scoring. He can punch the ball, catch the ball or kick the ball back into play. The only player who can use his hands within the goal box is Varaz. His advanced teams place him well out of the goal when the offense of the team is on attack to provide an advantage in numbers compared to the opposing team. Coordination of the defense: Varaz is considered the eye and ear on the field and may often see things the coaches do not. He communicates with the defensive players and midfielders to place them in correct position and gives them instructions to change formation to prevent the oncoming attack of the other team. He also coordinates the defense during free kicks, corner kicks and goal kicks. More advanced players will understand and respect his role and follow his directions. Distribution of the ball: Varaz has an excellent view of the field of play and can change the field of play from one side to another. As an example, the ball can come to him from the right side of the field and he can kick it to the left side of the field. Changing the ball quickly from one side to another is important to move the ball past the opponents defense. He can also place the ball directly to the midfield with a drop kick so that the team is quickly prepared to attacking the other goal. His team uses him as a goalkeeper to distribute the ball to players ultimately dominate play and have more shots on goal. Explain in details the strengths and weaknesses of the player: The strength of the player: Speed: Varaz must be quick. He needs quick feet, quick hands, and a quick mind. Thats why he is able to get from a standing position to a laying position in less than a second. And back up again just as fast. He is able to block a speeding shot, and then another, then another, before the other players blink. He is able to redirect his entire body in a moment. Quickness is essential. Harshness: Varaz must be harsh. Falling to the ground, diving from side to side, sliding, colliding, and slamming into aggressive opponents are all a normal part of a game. Thats why he has to hit the ground more times throughout a match than any other player. And collisions with breakaway offenders hit the hardest. Jumping: All goalkeepers must be good jumpers. Varaz is able to cover the length of the goal in one dive, elevate his head above the crossbar, and rise up above the heads of all opponents. He also jumps during almost every save, especially when catching or clearing a corner kick. Thats why he must be strong. Determination: Varaz has long arms, large hands, a slender torso, and powerful legs, and he must be determined. Because he is determined, he never lets a ball hit the net. He is also determined as he never to hang his head. In addition, Varaz is determined as he must not be afraid. Finally, he is determined to always make the save and not to give up. Weaknesses: From the main weaknesses of Varaz are: Deflection: when Varaz makes a great save, he deflects the ball towards an oncoming player, giving the other team another chance to score. In other words, when Varaz catches the ball, he changes its direction causing the opponents from the other team to score. Slow reaction: the reaction of Varaz to low balls is slow, meaning that he will save shots that have a lift, but is less likely to save shots on the ground. In other words, Varaz is able to catch the ball if it is high. However, he loses the ball when it is thrown into him on a low level. Being short: For a keeper, he is very short. This means that he relies on his reaction time a lot, which is average, so his height certainly restricts him. In other words, sometimes the ball can be very high and thats why Varaz is not able to catch it leading to its entrance in the goal and the scoring of the opponent team. Therefore, Varaz must be provided with the right training in order to improve his performance and become a better goalkeeper. How to improve his strength: In order to be able to develop his strength, Varaz has to: Focus: Varaz must be focused during the game even if the ball is far away from him 18 yard box. Many goalkeepers start to focus when the ball is near the 18 yard box which is a bad routine. Watch the ball carefully: Varaz must not look for his opponents. Instead, he must look for the ball. His main mission as a goalkeeper is to save shoots from his opponents. However, he should also keep in mind that he will need to leave your 18 yard box sometimes to clear the ball. This will generally be a must at least once per game. He must therefore be prepared on this one and he cannot hold back. Instead he needs to fulfill the run with determination. Be quick: Varaz must not stay on the line and wait for his opponent. What he should do is to run at his opponent and stretch his body to make himself big. By doing this, his opponent will need to react faster which will lead to mistakes from their side. They will need to make quicker decisions which will lead to more mistakes. Have confidence: Varaz must have confidence in himself. This one is one of the most important things for a goalkeeper and without that his performance will not be any good. He must encourage himself and doesnt let a mistake discourage him. Instead, he has to analyze what he has done wrong and try not to repeat the same mistake in the next game. Finally, he must keep in mind that he cant play soccer without making mistakes. The mistakes are a part of the game. Improve of weaknesses: In order for Varaz to improve his weaknesses, he has to: Learn how to warm up well: that depends on the knee in the first place and then the rest of the body. Learn how not to be afraid of the ball: Varaz must throw himself on the floor to catch the ball before the players puts his foot on it. Learn how to jump: Varaz has to leap towards the ball with a distance of at least one meter in order to hold it perfectly. Look at the ball itself and not the player: he must focus on the ball and not on the attacker who kicks the ball. Practice jumping: north and south to catch the ball and that by depending on one of the foot and not on both of them so that he could jump for a long distance. Learn how to stretch the body: especially during high balls or corner balls. He also has to do whatever it takes to catch the ball before any opponent does. Put his foot behind him: in case the ball is low and strong as his foot helps him to block the ball from entering into the goal net. Be bold: while attracting the attention of his team in order not to do any mistakes. He also must know that he is the best one to catch balls of fouls. He also must organize the line of defenders consisted of his team and he is the one who gives the orders to the players to be ready for any kind of a ball. By following these instructions, Varaz would be able to improve both his strengths and weaknesses as well as improving the performance of his whole team. Factors affecting performance: There are many factors that could affect the performance of Varaz. These elements are: Physiological: Because Varaz is short, this could affect his performance as a goalkeeper. In other words, Varaz cant be able to catch balls especially if they are high. In addition, he can be blocked easily while he is trying to catch the ball. In addition, Varaz doesnt have a strong body or strong muscles and this could be an obstacle while he is trying to block his opponents from kicking the ball. Besides, he still doesnt have the required experience in order to be an amazing goalkeeper like the famous goalies. Psychological: The psychological element can be identified in the idea that Varaz has a self-confidence issue. In other words, he begins to feel intimidated by the opponents and this could lead to his disability to do his job well. He also becomes depressed quickly. Thats why when he fails to block a certain ball, he believes that his team is going to lose the match and that he will continue his failure till the end of the match. Finally, he gets nervous very quickly and thats why his reactions could cause him problems with other players of his team or with the opponents. Social factors: one of the best traits in the personality of Varaz and that affect his performance as a goalkeeper is; when he becomes motivated and enthusiastic to play well, he transfers this enthusiasm and cheerfulness to the players in his team. This leads to pushing the players to do their best in order to score and leads to pushing Varaz himself to do whatever it takes to prevent the other team from scoring. However, when Varaz gets unmotivated, he also transfers this negative energy to his players and causes them depression which could lead to their bad performance while playing the game. Training program: Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1-3 weeks Quickness Jumping 4-7 weeks Quickness Jumping Quickness 8-13 weeks Quickness Quickness Jumping Jumping This table has been created following the SPORT principles: Specificity: This table was created to improve the skills of Varaz related to jumping and quickness. Thats why he must improve his performance in order to catch the ball quickly and focus on the ball itself instead of focusing on the player who kicks the ball. This training also will help Varaz to jump high in order to prevent the problems that leads to his disability to catch high balls. Progression: We started the first four weeks with quickness and jumping training and activities on Thursday and Friday. In addition, during the last five weeks, there will be four sessions that include two quickness activities and two jumping activities. This means that we are moving forward to increase the number of sessions one by one to cause regular improvement. Overload: Week after week, the number of sessions will be increased. This will cause load on Varaz but he must do these trainings and activities to be able to become one of the best goalkeepers all over the world. The time of each session will be raised by 15 minutes. Reversibility: Varaz doesnt suffer from any kind of injury or broken arms or foot. However, if he starts to feel pain in any organ, the training will be stopped till he becomes better. This is because; if we push him to do more than he can, he will be very depressed quickly and this could lead to the lack of his skills instead of improving them. Tedium: In order not to make Varaz feel demotivated or depressed, we will offer him times of breaks and provide him with snacks as well as means of entertainment. This will help him to feel better and not to be tired a lot. For example, we will offer him television so that he could watch it or a free time in which he can do any activity he likes. This table has been created following the FITT principle: Frequency: Varaz will have two sessions on the first three weeks: one for jumping and one for quickness. During the second period, the sessions will be increased to reach three sessions: two quickness trainings and one jumping. Finally, the sessions will reach four and will involve: two jumping trainings and two quickness activities. Intensity: In order for Varaz to improve his performance, he has to put his one hundred percent skills in the jumping training since he is short and half of his power in the quickness training. Time: the sessions during the first period were about thirty minutes. Later, we started to increase the timing of sessions by fifteen minutes so that the whole time of each session will be 45 minutes. Type: jumping so that he can catch high balls and quickness to catch the balls quickly and prevent the other team from scoring. References: 10 Awesome Tips for Soccer Goalies. (n.d.). Retrieved February 19, 2017, from soccer training guide: http://www.soccer-training-guide.com/soccer-goalkeeper.html#.WKnE4dJ97cd Mawdoo3. (2015). how to be an excellent goalkeeper. Retrieved February 19, 2017, from mawdoo3.com: http://mawdoo3.com/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A8%D8%AD_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%89_%D9%85%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B2 Rizzardo, J. (n.d.). The Roles Responsibilities of the Goalkeeper in Soccer. Retrieved February 19, 2017, from ehow: http://www.ehow.com/info_12114108_roles-responsibilities-goalkeeper-soccer.html Soccer-Universe. (2013). Goalkeeping. Retrieved February 19, 2017, from soccer universe.com: http://www.soccer-universe.com/goalkeeping.html United States players profiled, strengths and weaknesses. (2014). Retrieved February 19, 2017, from bayern central: http://www.bayerncentral.com/2014/06/united-states-players-profiled-strengths-weaknesses/

How Does the Body Maintain Acid-Base Balance?

How Does the Body Maintain Acid-Base Balance? It is important to regulate chemical balance or homeostasis of body fluids. Acidity or alkalinity has to be regulated. An acid is a substance that lets out hydrogen ions in solution. Strong acid like hydrochloric acid release all or nearly all their hydrogen ions and weak acids like carbonic acid release some hydrogen ions. Bases or alkalis have low hydrogen ion concentration and can accept hydrogen ions in solution. Acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured by pH. (1) Regulation of Acid-base Balance Body fluids are maintained within a narrow range that is slightly alkaline. The normal pH of arterial blood is 7.35 and 7.45. Acids are continually produced during metabolism. Several body systems including buffers, the respiratory system and the renal system are actively involved in maintaining the narrow pH range necessary for optimal function. Buffers help maintain acid bases balance by neutralizing excess acids and bases. The lungs and the kidneys help maintain a normal pH by either excreting or retaining acids or bases. (1) Hydrogen ion concentration of body fluids Hydrogen ions are continually being added to the body fluids as a result of metabolic activities. To maintain a constant (H+) in the body fluids, input of hydrogen ions must be balanced by an equal output. On the input side only a small amount of acid capable of dissociating release H+ is taken in with food. Most hydrogen ions in the body fluids are generated internally from metabolic activities. Normally hydrogen ions continually being added to the body fluids from three following sources: Carbonic acid formation. The major source of H+ is through H2CO3 formation metabolically produced CO2. Cellular oxidation of nutrients yields energy with CO2 and H2O as end products. Catalysed by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, CO2 and H2O from H2CO3 which then partially dissociates to liberate free hydrogen ions and HCO3-. Reaction The reaction is reversible because it can go in either direction, depending on the concentration of the substances involved. Within the systemic capillaries, the CO2 level in the blood increases as metabolically produced CO2 enters from the tissues. This drives the reaction to the acid side, generating H+ as well as HCO3- in the process. In the lungs, the reaction is reversed: CO2 diffuses from the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries into the alveoli from which it is expired to the atmosphere. The reduction in CO2 in the blood drives the reaction toward the CO2 side. Hydrogen ions and HCO3- form H2CO3 which rapidly decomposes into CO2 and H20 once again. The CO2 is exhaled while the hydrogen ions are incorporated into H2O molecules. When the respiratory system is able to keep pace with the rate of metabolism, there is no net gain or loss of H+ in the body fluids from metabolically produced CO2. When the rate of CO2 removal by the lungs does not match the rate of CO2 produ ction at the tissue level, the resultant accumulation of CO2 in the body leads to an excess or shortage of free H+ in the body fluids. Inorganic acids produced during the breakdown of nutrients. Dietary proteins and other ingested nutrient molecules that are found abundantly in meat contain a large quantity of sulfur and phosphorus. When the molecules are broken down, sulphuric acid and phosphoric acid are produced as by-products. Being moderately strong acids, these two inorganic acids dissociate to a large extent which releases free H+ into the body fluids. In contrast, the breakdown of fruits and vegetables produce bases that neutralize the acids originating from protein metabolism. Organic acids resulting from intermediary metabolism. Numerous organic acids are produced during normal intermediary metabolism e.g. fatty acids are produced during fat metabolism and lactic acid is produced by muscles during heavy exercise. These acids partially separate to produce free H+. Hydrogen ion generation normally goes on as a result of ongoing metabolic activities. (1) Buffer systems Buffers prevent too many changes in pH by removing or releasing hydrogen ions. If excess hydrogen ions is present in body fluids then buffers bind with the hydrogen concentration which minimizes the changes in pH. The acidity of a buffer is immediate but limited in capacity to maintain or restore normal acid-base balance. The pH of blood plasma is around about 7.3-7.4. The pH of urine is 7 which are neutral but it can be more but certain factors can make the pH of urine go up or down. The pH of mucus can vary from organ to organ with a pH of 6.9 to 9. Lymph has a pH of 7.4 and saliva has a pH of 7.4 (2) The phosphate buffer system Phosphoric acid changes quickly into dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4-). The dihydrogen phosphate is an excellent buffer since it can either grab a hydrogen ion or reform phosphoric acid or it can give off another hydrogen ion and become monohydrogen phosphate (HPO42-). The figure shows that in an extremely basic condition, monohydrogen phosphate can even give up remaining hydrogen ion. If H2PO4- is in acidic solution, the reaction above will go to the left and if the H2PO4- is in a basic solution, the reaction proceeds to the right. Therefore the phosphate buffer system can accept or donate hydrogen ions depending on the solution it is in. (2) The protein buffer system Protein themselves act as buffers. Proteins are made up of amino acids and amino acids have a central carbon with four groups off of it. These four groups are carboxyl group (COOH), an amino group (NH2), a hydrogen atom and an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Rà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ group. The carboxyl and amino groups are what enable proteins to act as buffers. (2)aminoac.jpg (21060 bytes) The carboxyl group is attached to the amino acid central carbon; C-COOH. In the figure there is a carboxyl group off to the left. The carboxyl group consists of a double bond to one of the oxygen and a single bond to the hydroxyl group. The important part of the carboxyl group is the hydrogen atom within the hydroxyl group. Round about neutral pH the carboxyl group is actually COO- instead of COOH. If the protein finds itself in a more acidic solution, the carboxyl group will be able to take on the extra hydrogen ions and return to COOH configuration. (2) The amino group is attached to the amino acid central carbon; C-NH2.the amino group is shown at the right hand side of the diagram of the amino acid above. Round about neutral pH the amino group is NH3+ rather than just NH2. It actually tends to carry an extra hydrogen ion at a normal pH. Then if a protein finds itself in a more basic environment, it amino group on its amino acids can actually release their hydrogen ions and return to NH2. Amino acids can accept or donate hydrogen ions making them excellent buffers. Any given proteins typically have hundreds of amino acids so proteins make superb buffers and they are found in high concentration in intracellular solutions. (2)protbuff.jpg (23396 bytes) The carbonic acid system In blood plasma, the carbonic acid and hydrogen carbonate ion equilibrium buffers the pH. In this buffer, carbonic acid (H2CO3) is the hydrogen ion donor (acid) and hydrogen carbonate ion (HCO3-) is the hydrogen ion acceptor (base). Carbonic acid plays an important role as a buffer in maintaining pH in blood plasma. H2CO3(aq) http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/arrowdbl.gifH+(aq) + HCO3-(aq) The buffer functions in the same way as the phosphate buffer. Additional H+ is consumed by HCO3- and an additional OH- is consumed by H2CO3-. If pH falls below normal value, a condition called acidosis is produced and if the pH rises above the normal value, a condition called alkalosis is produced. The concentrations of hydrogen carbonates ions and of carbonic acid are controlled by two independent physiological systems. Carbonic acid concentration is controlled by respiration that is through the lungs. Carbonic acid is in equilibrium with dissolved carbon dioxide gas. H2CO3(aq) http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/arrowdbl.gifCO2(aq) + H2O(l) An enzyme called carbonic anhydrase catalyses the conversion of carbonic acid to dissolved carbon dioxide. In the lungs, excess dissolved carbon dioxide is exhaled as carbon dioxide gas. CO2(aq) http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/arrowdbl.gifCO2(g) (4) The pH Buffer system The buffer systems guard against sudden shifts in acidity and alkalinity. The pH buffer systems are mixtures of the bodyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s own naturally taking place weak acids and weak bases. These weak acids and bases exist in balance under normal pH conditions. The pH buffer systems can work chemically to reduce fluctuations in the pH of a solution by regulating the amount of acid and base. The most important pH buffer system in the blood involves carbonic acid which is a weak acid formed from the carbon dioxide dissolved in blood and bicarbonate ions which is the corresponding weak base. Carbaminohaemoglobin is a compound of haemoglobin and carbon dioxide and it is one of the ways in which carbon dioxide can exist in the blood. 15-25% of the carbon dioxide is carried in the blood this way. When carbon dioxide binds to haemoglobin, Carbaminohaemoglobin is formed which will lower the haemoglobins affinity for oxygen via the Bohr Effect. When there is no oxygen, unbound haemoglobin molecules have a greater chance of becoming Carbaminohaemoglobin. The Haldane effect relates to the increased affinity of de-oxygenated haemoglobin for H+ offloading of oxygen to the tissues therefore results in increased affinity for the haemoglobin for carbon dioxide and H+ which the body wants to get rid of which can then be transported to the lung for removal. The veins which carry deoxygenated blood back to the right atrium of the heart appear bluish due to the distinctive blue colour of carbaminohaemoglobin. How acid-base balance is maintained including the role of the kidney and lungs as means of excreting excess acidic or basic ions The lungs and kidneys are two major systems that work on a continuous basis to help regulate acid-base balance in the body. In the biochemical reactions above, the process are all reversible and go back and forth as the bods needs change. The lungs can work very quickly and do their part by either retaining or getting rid of carbon dioxide by changing the rate and depth of respirations. The kidneys work much more slowly. They take hours and up to days to regulate the balance by either excreting or conserving hydrogen and bicarbonate ions. Under normal conditions these two systems work together to maintain homeostasis. The amount of acidity or alkalinity blood possesses it important. When the level of acidic compounds in the body rises then the body acidity increases to through increased intake, production or decreased elimination. When the level of basic compounds in the body falls through decreased intake, production or increased elimination. The body uses different mechanisms to co ntrol the bloods acid base balance. Role of the lungs: the release of carbon dioxide from the lungs is a mechanism the body uses to control blood pH. Carbon dioxide is mildly acidic and it is a waste product of metabolism of oxygen. Waste products such as carbon dioxide get excreted into the blood. The blood transports carbon dioxide into the lungs where it is exhaled. As carbon dioxide mount up in the blood the pH of the blood decreases which means acidity increases. The brain controls the quantity of carbon dioxide that is exhaled by monitoring the speed and depth of breathing. The amount of carbon dioxide that is exhaled increases the breathing to become faster and deeper. Bu adjusting the speed and depth of breathing the brain and lungs are able to regulate the blood pH minute by minute. (3) Role of Kidneys: the kidneys are also able to affect blood pH by excreting excess acids or bases. The kidneys have some capacity to change the amount of acid or base that is excreted but because the kidneys make these modifications more slowly than the lungs do, this compensation can take several days. (3)

The Flaws of the Weimar Constitution Essay -- The Weimar Republic, Ger

The Flaws of the Weimar Constitution The majority of people believe that it was the Weimar constitution which was fundamentally flawed and that this damaged the long term prospects of the Weimar republic, although strong points can be identified in the constitution which support the argument that the constitution wasn't to blame for the republics downfall. From this some historians have determined that the role of the constitution in the downfall of the republic is exaggerated. There were a wide variety of things that played a part in the collapse of the republic; one of these was the problems linked with proportional representation. There were two main problems with proportional representation the first is that in this kind of electoral system its much easier for extremist groups to gain seats in the Reichstag. In the first past the post system a certain number of votes does not guarantee a party representation in the Reichstag. This means that there is a limited number of parties in the Reichstag, making it easier to gain an overall majority thus meaning fewer coalition governments and a more stable power base. During the Weimar era the exact opposite to this happened. For example Weimar was on its seventh government by 1923 and coalitions were continually being broken up and parties leaving the government. This caused disruption and unrest and made the running of the country difficult for the next government. Another important point that historians like to make is that coalition governments have worked well before in different circumstances and cultures. Other arguments suggest that proportional representation encouraged spl... ...rather than making the changes necessary to sure up the economy. Increased inflation over the years did nothing to reinstate the people's faith in democracy. The main reason the constitution failed was not because the document itself was flawed but because the German people were not ready or prepared to make such a sudden change from autocracy to democracy. Other reasons were that people like Hitler were able to take advantages of loopholes such as article 48, but this again wasn't the fault of the constitution more the people who had put Hitler in the position of chancellor. The constitution was not truly flawed because it is likely that the same constitution would have worked well under different circumstances, but the other factors involved in Germany at this time made it impossible for it to operate successfully.

Quackery :: essays research papers

Quackery This year, we Americans will spend billions of dollars on products that do nothing for us - or may even harm us. And we'll do it for the same reason people have done it since ancient times... We want to believe in miracles. We want to find simple solutions and shortcuts to better health. It's hard to resist. All of us, at one time or another, have seen or heard about a product - a new and exotic pill, a device, or potion - that can easily solve our most vexing problem. With this product, we're told, we can eat all we want and still lose weight. We can grow taller or have bigger breasts. Or we can overcome baldness, age, arthritis, even cancer. It sounds too good to be true - and it is. But we're tempted to try the product in spite of all we know about modern medical science - or perhaps because of it. After all, many treatments we take for granted today were once considered miracles. How can we tell the difference? Not all advertisements for health products are false, of course. In fact, the vast majority aren't .So just what is quackery? Simply put, quackery is the promotion of a medical remedy that doesn't work or hasn't been proven to work. In modern times, quackery is known as health fraud. But call it quackery or call it health fraud, the result is the same - unfulfilled wishes, wasted dollars, endangered health. Often quack products are fairly easy to spot, like the magic pills you are supposed to take to stay forever young. But sometimes the products are vaguely based on some medical report that you may even have heard about in the news. In general, when looking over ads for medicines and medical devices, watch out for those that seem to promise too much too easily. Quack cures rob us of more than money. They can steal health away or even take lives. Quacks may lure the seriously and often desperately ill, such as people suffering from arthritis and cancer, into buying a bogus cure. When people try quack remedies instead of getting effective medical help, their illnesses progress, sometimes beyond the treatable stage. Quacks have always been quick to exploit current thinking. The snake-oil salesmen a few generations back carried an array of "natural" remedies to sell to a public that was still close to the frontier. And today, quacks take advantage of the back-to-nature movement, capitalizing on the notion that there ought to be simple, natural solutions to almost any problem.

My Future Plans and Expectation Essay

As a child, I found my self-looking up to many people and admiring those that had accomplished so many great things in their lives. I grew up in a household of eight people; I am the fifth child of six. I never thought about my future plans and expectation growing up. I started thinking about my future when I was in high school and then after. Read more: My future plans essay I never thought that I would finish high school. Many friends and family have told me that I was not cut out to be in school. I never imagined ever finishing something that everyone thought that I couldn’t do. I must work really hard to give myself a better future. Who would have ever thought that I one day like to become a teacher and help students’ in a way that all the teacher through my education have helped me. As time passes it is hard to look back at my regrets and encourage myself to look back at my successes. I look ahead and try to motivate my self to do the best that I know I can as I encourage my self every day. When I think about my future plants, I see a sea of possibilities. As I have found a mentor that help me through my hard decisions. I believe that in five years I see myself still studying thank to my own motivation in wanting to gain more knowledge and learn more so I can one day become a great teacher.

Apple, Google, and Microsoft Essay

1) Define and compare the business models and areas of strength of Apple, Google, and Microsoft. A) Microsoft’s business model is operating systems which 95%of all computers use worldwide. The strengths for Microsoft are that they are still the leader in PC operating systems and desktop productivity software. But has failed miserably with regards towards smartphone hardware and software, mobile computing, cloud-based software apps; its internet portal B) Apple’s business model mainly focuses on mobile devices; such as iPhones and iPads which account for 52% of apples profits. The strengths for Apple are mobile devices, such as iPhone and tablets. These devices combine and contribute 52% of apples business. They already have a head start on the mobile phone industry where they have over 250,000 applications. Apple controls 27% of the mobile market and the iPhone is the highest grossing cellphone ever. C) Google’s business model focuses the market from the mobile, advertising and operating systems. The strengths for Google are that they dominate in advertising with their search engine. And their Android OS controls 41% of the mobile market share. This mobile market is constantly growing 3 times faster than the iPhone market share. â€Å"They bought Android Inc. to enter the mobile market.† also bought out Motorola Inc. for 12.5 billion. 2) Why is mobile computing so important to these three firms? Evaluate the mobile platform offerings of each firm. Mobile Computing is so important to these firms because of the fundamental paradigm shift. The environment is a $400 billion e-commerce marketplace and the applications used enrich the experience of using a mobile device. 3) What is the significance of applications and app stores, and closed vs.  open app standards to the success or failure of mobile computing? The company who creates the most appealing set of devices and applications will be able to derive a significant competitive advantage over its rivals. Apple makes money on each app sold through its App store which is worth billions of dollars to the company while the apps for the Android system used on non-Apple devices are available from different sources. 4) Which company and business model do you believe will prevail in this epic struggle? Apple has a very loyal customer based while Google and Microsoft is clearly catching up. It very hard to identify who will prevail in this epic struggle since all three companies continue to expand, develop strategies and create new products in mobile computing. But since I am biased Apple user, I would want them to prevail. 5) What difference would it make to a business or to an individual consumer if Apple, Google, or Microsoft dominated the Internet experience? If Apple, Google or Microsoft dominated the Internet experience, consumers would be forced to buy only one product and use only one service. The three companies would create a monopoly and the positive would be they would create a standard. This would affect quality which prices would be very high because they would have no competition. Right now it is too early to tell who would dominate the internet experience but it is very good to have competition than just one market leader the will monopolize the market.

Franz Kafka “Before the Law” Essay

In his story, Before the Law, Franz Kafka suggests that obstacles that one faces in life can either be used to mold one’s success or bring about one’s failure. If one can overcome the challenges that they are faced with, they grow in a unique type of way, for every individual perceives each situation in a distinct fashion. That unique type of growth is what establishes a person’s character and perception of the world. However, if one cannot overcome their obstacles, then they cut off their means for growth and are left uninspired, forgetting any dreams or aspirations. It is through the man’s interactions with the doorkeeper, and his inability to overcome this obstacle, that eventually leads him down the path of complacency and failure. It is the doorkeeper in this parable that keeps the man from gaining access to the law, and his inability to pass this doorkeeper that leads to his demise. It is important to realize that the man strives to reach â€Å"the law†, however he winds up getting only as far as the doorkeeper. A question arises here, what would have happened if the man was able to overcome the doorkeeper and enter the gate? The doorkeeper himself somewhat provides an answer to this question when he warns the man that he is â€Å"only the least of the doorkeepers. From hall to hall there is one doorkeeper after the other, each more powerful than the last. The third doorkeeper is already so terrible that even I cannot bear to look at him.† Of course these are difficulties that the man from the country has not expected, and instead of taking his chances, the doorkeeper gives him a stool and lets him sit down at one side of the gate. The man failed to realize that even if there were another doorkeeper behind the first door, he would have been able to face him with the experience and knowledge gained by overcoming the initial doorkeeper. Why was the man so foolish to just sit there and let his life pass him by? This concept of attaining knowledge applies not only to the man from the country but also to every in ordinary life. By the man not overcoming one of the challenges in his life, he was not able to strive and succeed in meeting the goals that he has set forth for himself. When one overcomes their challenges, the knowledge that they hav e gained from that experience merely provides them with necessary tools to face a more difficult situation. Overcoming all of these situations or challenges is like climbing a mountain towards excellence and achievement of ones goals. A prime example of trying to overcome challenges in every day life in order to  succeed is myself. I am a first year college student who is on the rocky road towards success. I am continually meeting one challenge after the next, striving to achieve every one of the goals I have set for myself. From elementary to high school and now to college, I am using the things I have learned, the tools I need in order to meet the next and more difficult challenge in my life. Unfortunately, the man accepts the stool that the doorkeeper offers him where â€Å"he sits for days and years.† The man never gains any sort of stature, for he looses out on all of the potential growth he could have gained by standing up to the doorkeeper. Why didn’t he stand up? What made him so weak that the doorkeeper was able to take such advantage of him? All of these questions are now brought into the picture because of the man’s stupidity in just giving up not only with the doorkeeper but also with himself. Before the man realizes that he has reached a state where he is looked down upon, and questions asked of him â€Å"are put indifferent, as great lords put them.† Unaware of the hole that he has dug for himself, the man eventually loses total sight of his original goal of reaching â€Å"the law,† and the man fixes his attention almost continuously on the doorkeeper. He even reaches the point of begging the fleas on the doorkeeper’s coat to grant him access to â€Å"the law† if the man were to only realize from the beginning that the gate was placed there for his own personal self-development. The lessons he could have learned by pushing beyond the initial doorkeeper would have more than likely built him into a totally new person, with unique talents and insights gained from his experience. Instead he gives up on himself, he grows old and never reaches any of his goals, and he never achieves his aspiration. The doorkeeper then finally points out, that â€Å"no one else could be admitted here, since the gate was made only for you. I am now going to shut it.† This closing of the gate was the end to everything the man wanted, all of his hopes and dreams have now been shut behind a door and are now irretrievable. The author gives us a sense of sorrow towards the old man for not being able to achieve his wants and desires. Instead, we learn a valuable lesson in the story about the life one leads. One must be prepared to face the challenges that life present. If one is able to overcome their challenges, they will grow from their experience and form their own unique personality. If one cannot overcome their obstacles, they may spend their life stuck in a rut of complacency,  never achieving any goals or dreams that they once had. The poor old man from the country had to learn this important lesson out for himself.

Buddhist, Confucian, and Taoist Views on Benevolence Essay

Benevolence can be defined as the moral inclination to be kind and compassionate. If people could control their malicious behaviors and focus on participating in acts that are solely beneficial to humanity, the earth would be much more prosperous. Being kind to others gives us a feeling of contentment that is otherwise unattainable. Receiving compassion and kindness provides us with a sense of gratitude and wellness that many cannot help but share with others. No one enjoys being the subject of someone else’s ill will. This is why moral codes such as (but not limited to) Buddhism, Confucianism/Taoism have emerged. If everyone followed any one of the previously stated practices, it would be much easier for humans to grow and develop as a whole because there would be fewer causes of our discontentment. The Buddhists’ ultimate goal is to end suffering by achieving enlightenment, or nirvana (Kessler, pg. 186). Benevolence is indefinitely required to reach this state. Enlightenment can only be obtained by recognizing the Four Noble Truths. This basically states that life is suffering, which is the result of bad karma caused by malevolent actions that are driven by natural human desires. The end of desire will inevitably be the end of suffering. The only way to end suffering is by following in the footsteps of Siddhartha Gautama’s enlightenment (Kessler, pg. 166). This method of bringing an end to suffering is otherwise known as the Eightfold Path, or the Way of the Buddha. In order to obtain the same enlightenment, Buddhists are required to uphold a strict set of rules regarding the way to behave as a beneficial member of society, including â€Å"right view, right thought, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right meditati on.† (Kessler, pg. 224). The most devout Buddhist possesses immense self-control and discipline in attempt to live the purest, least harmful existence possible. A good example of the ideal Buddhist is the bodhisattva. Bodhisattvas have reached the ultimate level of moral purity, kindness, and compassion toward the world and therefore live to relieve people from suffering (Kessler, pg. 170). Concerning overall kindness and compassion, the fate and preservation of the entire world should be taken into account before performing any act. No living being should ever be harmed or killed. One should never steal from another, but may receive gifts openly. Buddhists should be chaste, truthful, and fair. They are required to keep peace among people if necessary. A devout Buddhist would never speak to someone in a discourteous manner, including sharing erroneous information (Kessler, pg. 185). This moral code practiced by Bodhisattvas is directly concerned with the wellbeing of the world through good deeds, which leads to the end of eternal suffering, according to the previously stated teachings of the Buddha. Another influential teacher of morality and obtaining widespread human prosperity is Confucianism. The Way, or Tao, is the Confucian concept of human nature. The Mandate of Heaven is dictated by the fact that humans, by nature, want to obtain balance and harmony in the world, which is possible beginning with harmony within the self. Harmony within one’s self leads to harmony among other people, which results in the harmony of natural phenomenon, and thus the world is harmonious. This requires that all human emotional conditions be in balance. Although the notion is truly inconceivable, this can be most closely described as the Confucian concept of heaven. People must be understanding and compassionate towards one another, and make sacrifices for the greater good. When this is achieved, human flourishing is then possible. People are either intelligent enough to possess the sincerity of the way, or they can be instructed to do so. Humans are all capable of making a contribution toward achieving the order of the Way, which results in spiritual salvation (Kessler, pg. 242-243). The most important way this goal is to be achieved by the followers of Confucian teachings is through sacrifice. An honorable person intends to sacrifice in order to spread good will to the earth. This helps emphasize the responsibilities all humans have to maintain peace and harmony in the world for the well being of everyone (Kessler, pg. 240). Humans are born into different ranks, which must be taken into consideration, but the overall goal of Confucian teaching is to uphold the moral obligation of goodness. Elders and authority figures are to be respected in accordance to the Confucian way. For example, a child is respectful to a parent because both are needed to maintain balance in the family. This plays a crucial role in the functionality of the family unit. The same notion can be applied to the citizen and his governing body. The citizen is obedient to the government because defiant behavior would lead to chaos (Kessler, pg. 242). The Buddhist and Confucian doctrines are similar in many ways. The ultimate goal of both sets of teachings is the same: human benevolence leads to moral salvation and the well being of humanity. Renunciation plays a major role in the overall intention of both parties. The crucial difference between the two is the source of the regarded texts. Confucians’ fate is subject to the government no matter what. They pay respect to all people, but understand the necessity to respect the upper class because they play a major part in the well being of the whole. The elders and authority figures â€Å"take care† of the younger or less fortunate. Buddhists focus more on solitude and undergoing suffering for the greater good. They go as far as to give up normal eating habits as to refrain from any selfish behavior that may lead to bad karma. Confucians also undergo suffering, but do not give up basic human desires for the benefit of others. They are undeniably considerate. Any feeling that one would not enjoy feeling would never be bestowed upon someone else. No form of extreme asceticism required of Confucians as it is sometimes in Buddhism. Rather, Confucian success is more important to human flourishing. Although true, both moral concepts have the same intended outcome of benevolence toward everyone. Works Cited Kessler, Gary E. Ways of Being Religious. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Pub., 2000. 166+. Print.

Organization behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organization behavior - Essay Example The planning was so poor that they could not even produce the final product in time as they wanted to. While Igor and Roman, the musicians, were busy brainstorming to create the product, all the other works relating to organization and finance fell on Sasha's shoulders. There was too much work to be done and too little resources to help accomplish that. Making use of external talent would have helped reduce the burden on the founders, but outsiders either didn't get along with the founders or they were not able to visualize the project the way the founders did. In any case, working with outsiders didn't seem to be effective and by looking at the initial conversation between Igor and Henry, it didn't look like the founders did anything about analyzing as to why it wasn't effective. The founders were from the same ethnical background and so could relate to each other well. They ended up forming a comfortable zone which wasn't open enough for the outsiders. This resulted in a serious sh ortage of experience and resources required to effectively market and distribute their product. By avoiding flow of ideas from outsiders, the founders narrowed their view of the directions in which the project could have been taken. Moreover, the founders lacked the knowledge pertaining to the music industry. Though Sasha had prior experience and the educational background required in the business world, it was only general management skill that he had developed all this while, and not an experience in the music industry. All in all, the project was too big for just the three of them to handle considering the limited knowledge and experience they had. (2) The greatest strength that the MGI team had was their high level of commitment towards the project as well as the team. There were many disagreements and misunderstandings between Sasha and Roman, but they somehow seemed to get past it. There was an unspoken implied commitment among the three that they would never walk away from the team. The next strength that is evident in the team is the combination of the three. Roman is the one with the creative ideas, Igor is able to relate to Roman's creative ideas and keeps the company together by acting as a moderator between Sasha and Roman, and Sasha organizes and manages the finance. Most importantly, they were creative and hence, were able to come up with a unique product. Their product was a critical success and was appreciated for its high quality and originality. If I had to evaluate the MGI team 'on paper', I would give them a perfect ten for their degree of creativity and innovation. So would be the case even with respect to the potential of the business to create value. The product would be helpful in educating children and teenagers, and in promoting good music. However, I would not be equally generous when it came to other aspects. There was no proper strategy that the team adopted to exploit the opportunity. They stunted their thoughts when it came to the market they should be aiming at; they limited themselves to just the teenagers. Also, when it came to the finances of the team, they were not reasonable. They never planned it well and as a result, they ended up broke with no money to take the project any further. The team's ability to actually implement the proposal was poor. A lot of time was spent on creation of the product, but they never spent time on implementing their plans with respect to

Global Marketing in the Context of National Environmental Issues Essay

Global Marketing in the Context of National Environmental Issues - Essay Example Formerly known as Warburtons’ the Bakers, Warburtons Ltd. is a producer and distributor of bakery products founded by Thomas Warburton in 1876 in Bolton, the United Kingdom. Warburtons is the strongest grocery brand after Coca Cola in the UK (Nielsen, 2010). It is a family owned business selling over 2 million bakery products daily. According to the chairman of the company, Jonathan Warburton, "From the wheat we grow to the flour we select to the bread we bake, we care because our name's on it". Company’s annual return is estimated at over ? 411 million, and employs over 4,200 staff across 13 bakeries and 11 depots positioned throughout UK (IBM, 2008). Warburtons is heavily investing in marketing and product development, and has recently launched a new ?8.2 million cross-media marketing campaign to achieve ?1 billion revenue target through product diversification and international ventures (Ingredients Network, 2012). This paper attempts to develop a competitive and sus tainable marketing strategy for expansion of Warburtons bakery product group to Mauritian food market, Africa. The Product Group Warburtons product group includes bread, rolls, snacks, healthy and gluten free products. The bread variety is suitable for vegetarians and is almost similar in nutrition and calorie content to other breads ranging between 60-90 calories per slice depending on the type of the product. However, it contains more selenium than other breads. The white bread is fortified with calcium, iron and Vitamin B and the wholemeal is rich in dietary fiber. The company is not using hydrogenated fats in any of the products. To help reduce the increasing sodium intake, the company has lowered the use of salts by 30%. A complete ingredient and nutritional information is provided on all packaging (a-Warburtons, 2012). Warburton products do not have a longer shelf life and are baked in in-store bakeries to ensure absolute freshness. To maintain freshness and quality, Warburton bread is priced quite higher than other breads. Around 95% of the best quality wheat is obtained ethically and sustainably from established sources in the UK and Canada. To maintain consistent protein levels and quality, the grown varieties are specified by the company giving the products a unique taste, softness and freshness. Warburton products not only provide customers with healthy balanced diet but also ethically sound and environmentally friendly choices (b-Warburtons, 2012). The Target Market The Republic of Mauritius is located in the southeast of African continent, around 500 miles east of Madagascar. As of July 2011, the population of Mauritius was estimated at 1,286,340 with a growth rate of 0.4% and a population density of 630 people per square Kilometer. The country is well known for its stability and racial harmony among different ethnic groups including Asians, Europeans and Africans (Republic of Mauritius, 2012). The local currency is Rupee divided into 100 cents. N egligible or zero percentage of population lives below international poverty line of US$1.25 per day. People speak Mauritian Creole, English and French. As of 2008, the total adult literacy rate was estimated at 88% (UNICEF, 2010). Despite of being remote from world markets, Mauritius enjoys sustained economic growth and stability. From 1970 to 2008, the GDP growth was

An analysis of the labour market conditions within setting bussiness Essay

An analysis of the labour market conditions within setting bussiness. And a critical reflection on your own internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as the ex - Essay Example Although the features of labour market conditions vary due to market forces, plurastic and regionalistic factors with socio-economic influences, they could be broadly be divided into four main divisions which are as follows: - This market is chiefly constituted of medium and large-scale commercial agricultural activities, including cultivation and distribution of crops. Proprietorship or partnership firms chiefly own them. Most of the workers engaged in the formal rural markets are unskilled and semi-educated and their main activities are in the areas of crops and agricultural produce. This market segment is chiefly indulging in small-scale operations involving self employed persons along with the assistance of unpaid family members. Like formal rural markets, this segment is also characterized by unskilled or semi-skilled labour force who are involved in small-scale activities with low productivity and hence, low level of wages. The main functions in informal rural markets are in the raising of exportable cash crops. This segment consists chiefly of Medium and Large Scale enterprises producing commercial and non-tradable goods using a combination of skilled and semi-skilled workers. They constitute private or state owned enterprises where the wage levels are regulated by the Government and by local state laws. The requirements of Minimum Wages and Allowances and benefits to workmen are also applicable in this segment. Since this market segment is in the regulated area, the workers and staff are protected by the Trade Labour Unions, who play an important role in labour matters, and trade unionism activities are also present in this segment This segment comprises of self-employed professionals in the urbanized sector and represents privately owned enterprises. They are mainly dealing with manufacturing, trading and distribution of non-tradable items and this segment is, more often than not, in the unregulated sector. The wages and job security in these

Peer rejection Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Peer rejection - Term Paper Example dolescent is becoming hostile, aggressive or even violent and taking inherent action to ensure that the child takes positive steps to deal with a situation more productively. Those with anger management problems often manifest their hostilities in the form of fighting, destruction of property, verbal abuses, manifesting angry outbursts, or even manipulative behaviors against others. This essay explores the issue of the development of anger issues during the adolescent stage of development as a direct outcome of peer rejection. The essay further investigates treatment methodologies for adolescents that have developed anger management problems as a result of peer rejection, focusing on the implications of this hostility on current adolescent development and future adult social adjustment. Treatment methods differ in curbing anger management problems with adolescents and this research essay conducts a comparison and contrast to determine which treatment strategies might be most effective for a peer-rejected adolescent youth that has developed hostility problems. During the adolescent stage of development, peer opinion and acceptance become primary needs as the youth seeks establishment of a sense of social identity. It is during this period where adolescents define their sense of self-importance based on their ability to fit in with peers. When adolescents have perceived a positive sense of belonging, it can lead to increased self-esteem which has fundamental implications as to whether the adolescent becomes fully self-actualized in adulthood, or reaching the full pinnacle of one’s achievement capacity and maximizing one’s fullest potential. Hence, peer rejection during adolescence has significant implications for whether the adolescent is fully prepared to transition into a well-adjusted and self-venerating adult. Peer rejection that occurs during adolescence can lead to the youth’s inability to self-regulate their emotional states (Trentacosta and Shaw,